Angika

अंगिका – कवि और लेखक (Angika – Poets & Authors) – F-J

List of Poets & Authors of Angika in Alphabetical Order (F-J) Gadadhar Prasad Ambashatha Ganesh Kusum Ganesh Prasad Ghayal Ganesh Upkari Ganga Prasad Rao Giridhar Gopal Pathak Girish Giridhar Shashtri Bhramar Girija Shankar Modi Gokulananda Pandey Gopal Chandra Ghosh Gopal Krishna "Pragya" Gopal Mishra गोरेलाल मनीषी (Gorelal Manishi) Gourang Prasad Sevak Gouri Rani Gouri Shankar Tiwari Guresh Mohan Ghosh Saral Gyanam Bhardwaj Gyandev Pandey Haldar Choudhary "Deen" Hans Kumar Tiwari Harihar Choudhary Vikal Harinarayan Singh हीरा प्रसाद "हरेंद्र" (Heera Prasad "Harendra") Hiralal Jha Hem Indramohan Thakur Indubala Indubala Suman Indubhushan Mishra "Devendu" Indushekhar Pandey Iraa Smriti Jagdish Mishra Jagdish Pathak Madhukar Jagdish Shashtri Kaviraj Jagdishnarayan Verma Jagganath Prasad Chaturvedi Jaiprakash Mahto Janardan Janardan Roy Janardan Yadav Janmejya Mishra Jayant Choudhary Jayant Kum…

अंगिका – कवि और लेखक (Angika – Writers, Poets & Authors)

कोनो साहित्यकार के बारे म s ज्यादा जानकारी आरो हुनका रचना पढै लेली हुनको नाम पर क्लिक करs

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अंगिका – कवि और लेखक (Angika – Poets & Authors) – Post independence

Post independence Poets & Authors of Angika Total number of such writers in Angika are around 600. Name of such devoted persons are listed here alphabetically. They have created hundreds of books and thousands of articles,details of which shall be available on this site very shortly. List of Poets & Authors of Angika Poets & Authors (A-E) Poets & Writers List (F-J) Poets & Writers List (K-O) Poets & Writers (P-T) Poets & Writers (U-Z)

अंगिका – कवि और लेखक (Angika – Poets & Authors) – Ancient Period

Ancient Period to Pre-independence era Authors and Poets of Angika Period 800 A.D. : Saraha or Sarahpa,Shabrapa or Shabreshwar. Period 900 A.D. : Charptipa or Pachreepa,Dhampa or Dhrmpa or Gundripa, Mekopa. Period 1000 A.D. : Deepankar Shrigyan Atish (Birth year:980AD) Period 1100 A.D. : Champkapa, Chelukapa, Jayanantpa(Jayanandipa), Nirgunpa, Luchikapa. Period 1200 A.D. : Putulipa. Period 1700 A.D. : Kifayat (Shekh). Period 1800 A.D. : Jagganath(Jagarnath Ram), Vedanand Singh.

अंगिका – कवि और लेखक (Angika – Poets & Authors) – Overview

Angika Literature today means literature produced by Poets and Authors of Angika language begining in the ancient past to what is written today. The rich tradition of Angika literature spans a probable minimum period of about 1300years(When it is counted from 800A.D. when first clear evidence of availability of Sarah's written form of literature in Angika or Apbramsha is found)to a probable maximum period of 4000years (When it is counted from the year when the first Indian literature in Vedic Sanskrit was found to be existed).This period may be longer than the supposed one. Authors and Poets of Angika may be categorised mainly in two groups: (a) Ancient Period to Preindependence era (b) Post independence era

अंगिका साहित्य – प्राचीन साहित्य (Angika Sahitya – Prachin Sahitya)

Kavi Saraha was the first poet of Angika, whose poetry are available in written form.Â Poems were written by him in 800 A.D. Sarah's famous "Doha Kosha" was written in Angika Language. He Wrote 36 books in Angika. Sarah is also considered as the first poet of Hindi language whose poetry is available in written forms (this fact is not proved yet).

अंगिका साहित्य – वर्तमान परिदृश्य (Angika Sahitya – Present Scenario)

Presently hundreds of standard books and thousands of articles are available in Angika language. Ang Madhuri, a monthly magazine of Angika language is being published by Dr. Naresh Pandey Chakore regularly for the last 39 years. Angika is being taught in Tilkamanjhi University of Bihar state at Graduation and Post Graduation Levels.

भागलपुर (Bhagalpur – The Silk City)

Introduction

Bhagalpur (STD Code: 0641), a town of historical importance in the state of Bihar in the eastern part of India is situated on the southern bank of the Ganga river. Situated 220 KM east of state capital Patna and 410 KM north west of Calcutta. 25.07°N - 25.30°N latitude and between 86.37°E - 87.30°E longitude.

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अंगिका भाषा (Angika – The Language of Anga)

Angika (अंगिका) is a language spoken in Eastern Part of Bihar, Santhal Praganas of Jharkhand and Maldah District of West Bengal. Angika is an Indo-Aryan of the Anga region of India, a 58,000 km2 area approx. that falls within the states of Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal. Angika is spoken in most of the Metros of India like Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, and Bangalore, most of the industrial cities of India like Durgapur, Vadodara, Surat, Patna, Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Bokaro and other parts of the country. Besides India, Angika is also spoken in Terai region of Nepal, Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Malaysia, and other Southeast Asian countries. A sizable Angika speaking population migrated in other countries such as the Gulf, United States and the United Kingdom. Angika is spoken by more than 30 million of the Indian population ((As per 2001 Census and as per the statement given in Indian Parliament by Shri Subodh Roy Member of Parliament of India which is available in PARLIAMENTRY PROCE…

अंग देश का इतिहास – नया राज्य (History of Ang Desh – The New State)

Throughout history, India has absorbed and modified to suit its needs, the best from all the civilizations with which it has come into contact. Once again the fledgling nation demonstrated the maturity and wisdom of its ancient traditions, and the truth of its claim that it was opposed, not to the people or the civilization of Britain and the West, only to its imperial domination. India chose to remain within the British Commonwealth of Nations. It also adopted the British system of Parliamentary Democracy, and retained the judicial, administrative, defence and educational structures and institutions set up by the British. India is today the largest and most populous democracy on earth, with universal adult suffrage.

The Indian Constitution, adopted when India became a Republic on January 26, 1950, safeguards all its people from all forms of discrimination on grounds of race, religion, creed or sex. It guarantees freedom of speech, expression an…

अंग देश का इतिहास – स्वतंत्रता के लिए संघर्ष (History of Ang Desh – The Struggle for Independence)

The First War of Independence A century of accumulated grievances erupted in the Indian mutiny of sepoys in the British army, in 1857. This was the signal for a spontaneous conflagration, in which the princely rulers, landed aristocracy and peasantry rallied against the British around the person of the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah. The uprising, however, was eventually brutally suppressed. By the end of 1859, the "emperor" had been deported to Burma where he died a lonely death, bringing to a formal end the era of Mughal rule in India. The Mutiny, even in its failure, produced many heroes and heroines of epic character. Above all, it produced a sense of unity between the Hindus and the Muslims of India that was to be witnessed in later years. The rebellion also saw the end of the East India Company's rule in India. Power was transferred to the British Crown in 1858 by an Act of British Parliament. The Crown's viceroy in India was to be the chief executive. The Freedom …

अंग देश का इतिहास – यूरोपियों का आना (History of Ang Desh – Coming of the Europeans)

The next arrival of overwhelming political importance was that of the Europeans. The great seafarers of north-west Europe, the British, French, Dutch and Portuguese, arrived early in the seventeenth century and established trading outposts along the coasts. The spices of Malabar (in Kerala) had attracted the Portuguese as early as the end of the 15th century when, in 1498, Vasco da Gama had landed at Calicut, sailing via the Cape of Good Hope. Early in the 16th Century, the Portuguese had already established their colony in Goa; but their territorial and commercial hold in India remained rather limited. During the late 16th and 17th century they remained unrivaled as pirates on the high seas; but inland the other European companies were making their presence felt, though entirely in commercial terms. The Years of 'The Raj' The newcomers soon developed rivalries among themselves and allied with local rulers to consolidate their positions against each other militarily. In time …

अंग देश का इतिहास – मुस्लिम आक्रमण (History of Ang Desh – The Muslim Invasions)

The Delhi Sultanate An event of immense and lasting impact in Indian history was the advent of the Muslims in the north-west. Lured by tales of the fertile plains of the Punjab and the fabulous wealth of Hindu temples, Mahmud of Ghazni first attacked India in 1000 AD. Other raiders from Central Asia followed him, but these invasions were no more than banditry. It was only in 1192 that Muslim power arrived in India on a permanent basis. In that year, Mohammed of Ghori, who had been expanding his power all across the Punjab broke into India and took Ajmer. The following year his general Qutb-ud-din Aibak took Varanasi and Delhi and after Mohammed Ghori's death in 1206, he became the first of the Sultans of Delhi. Qutb-ud-din Aibak founded the so called Slave Dynasty in India at Delhi, setting up the nucleus of the Delhi Sultanate, or the rule of Turkish and Afghan sultans, the Khiljis, the Tughlaqs and the Lodis. Impact of Islam The impact of Islam on Indian culture has been i…

अंग देश का इतिहास – गुप्त युग (History of Ang Desh – The Gupta Age)

The greatest empire in the fourth century AD was the Gupta Empire, which ushered in the golden age of Indian history. This empire lasted for more than two centuries. It covered a large part of the Indian subcontinent, but its administration was more decentralized than that of the Mauryas. Alternately waging war and entering into matrimonial alliances with the smaller kingdoms in its neighbourhood, the empire's boundaries kept fluctuating with each ruler. The Gupta rulers patronized the Hindu religious tradition and orthodox Hinduism reasserted itself in this era. However, this period also saw the peaceful coexistence of Brahmins and Buddhists and visits by Chinese travellers like Fa Hien. The exquisite Ajanta and Ellora caves were created in this period. This era saw the emergence of the classical art forms and development of various aspects of Indian culture and civilization. Erudite treatises were written on a multiplicity of subjects ranging from grammar, mathematics, as…

अंग देश का इतिहास – मौर्य साम्राज्य (History of Ang Desh – The Mauryan Empire)

By the end of the third century BC, most of North India was knit together in the first great Indian empire by Chandragupta Maurya. His son Bindusara extended the Mauryan Empire over virtually the entire subcontinent, giving rise to an imperial vision that was to dominate successive centuries of political aspirations. The greatest Mauryan emperor was Ashoka the Great (286-231 BC) whose successful campaigns culminated in the annexation of Kalinga (modern Orissa). Overcome by the horrors of war, he was probably the first victorious ruler to renounce war on the battlefield. Ashoka converted to Buddhism, but did not impose his faith on his subjects. Instead, he tried to convert them through edicts inscribed on rock in the local dialects, using the earliest known post-Harappan script known as Brahmi. The Mauryan economy was essentially agrarian. The State owned huge farms and these were cultivated by slaves and farm laborers. Taxes collected on land, trade and manufacture of handicra…

अंग देश का इतिहास – धर्मों का उदय और राज्य का उदय (History of Ang Desh – Rise of Religions and Emerg)ence of the State

Buddhism and Jainism The sixth century BC was a time of social and intellectual ferment in India. It was then that Mahavira founded the Jain religion, and Gautam Buddha attained enlightenment. The two great religions, Jainism and Buddhism, preached non-violence to all living creatures, tolerance and self-discipline, values that have become the cornerstones of the Indian ethos. The teachings of these faiths won immediate popular acceptance owing to their simplicity and practicality; the sermons of both were preached in commonly spoken languages. Later, Buddhist monks were to spread their religion south to Sri Lanka and north-east to China, Japan, Korea and the whole of South-east Asia, where it is practiced till today. Rise of the State With land becoming property and the society being divided on the basis of occupations and castes, conflicts and disorders were bound to arise. Organized power to resolve these issues therefore emerged, gradually leading to formation of full-fl…

अंग देश का इतिहास – महाजनपद काल और अंग महाजनपद का उदय (History of Ang Desh – Mahajanpadas Era of Indian History and Rise of Ang Mahajanpad)

Mahājanapada (Sanskrit: महाजनपद, Mahājanapada, literally "great realm" from maha, "great", and janapada "foothold of a tribe", "country") refers to one of the sixteen kingdoms and oligarchic republics that existed in ancient India from the sixth to fourth centuries BCE. Ancient Buddhist texts like Anguttara Nikaya make frequent reference to sixteen great kingdoms and republics which had evolved and flourished in a belt stretching from Gandhara in the northwest to Anga in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent and included parts of the trans-Vindhyan region, prior to the rise of Buddhism in India. The sixth century BC is often regarded as a major turning point in early Indian history. Archaeologically, this period corresponds in part to the Northern Black Polished Ware culture. Overview The political structure of the ancient Indians appears to have started with semi-nomadic tribal units called Jana (meaning "people" or by extension "ethnic group" or "tribe"). Early Vedic t…

अंग देश का इतिहास – आर्य और वैदिक युग (History of Ang Desh – The Aryans and the Vedic Age)

The Aryans are said to have entered India through the fabled Khyber pass, around 1500 BC. They intermingled with the local populace, and assimilated themselves into the social framework. They adopted the settled agricultural lifestyle of their predecessors, and established small agrarian communities across the state of Punjab. The Aryans are believed to have brought with them the horse, developed the Sanskrit language and made significant inroads in to the religion of the times. All three factors were to play a fundamental role in the shaping of Indian culture. Cavalry warfare facilitated the rapid spread of Aryan culture across North India, and allowed the emergence of large empires. Sanskrit is the basis and the unifying factor of the vast majority of Indian languages. The religion, that took root during the Vedic era, with its rich pantheon of Gods and Goddesses, and its storehouse of myths and legends, became the foundation of the Hindu religion, arguably the single most …

अंग देश का इतिहास – सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता (History of Ang Desh – The Indus Valley Civilization)

Settlements From the beginning of the 4th millennium BC, the individuality of the early village cultures began to be replaced by a more homogeneous style of existence. By the middle of the 3rd millennium, a uniform culture had developed at settlements spread across nearly 500,000 square miles, including parts of Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Baluchistan, Sind and the Makran coast. This earliest known civilization in India, the starting point in its history, dates back to about 3000 BC. Discovered in the 1920s, it was thought to have been confined to the valley of the river Indus, hence the name given to it was Indus Valley civilisation. This civilization was a highly developed urban one and two of its towns, Mohenjodaro and Harappa, represent the high watermark of the settlements. Subsequent archaeological excavations established that the contours of this civilization were not restricted to the Indus valley but spread to a wide area in northwestern and western India. Thus t…

अंग देश का इतिहास – अंग महाजनपद (History of Ang Desh – Ang Mahajanpad)

Ancient India was divided into 16 large kingdoms. Each of such kingdom was known as Mahajanpad. Ang was one of them. Aangi, which is now known as Angika, was the language of Ang. The existence of Ang is found since Vedic period or before.Since 500B.C.-400B.C. People from Ang used to visit South East Asian countries like Combodia, Vietnam, Malayasia, Pahoang, Kantoli etc in connection with trades.During this course of visits they had established there colonial kingdoms and ruled over these Kingdoms for nearly 1000 years. People from Ang had constructed magnificent temples like Angkor wat , which is still considered as one of the wonders made by Human beings .They also had written numbers of books and Shilalekhs in Sanskrit and Angika Language.

अंग देश का इतिहास – परिचय (History of Ang Desh – Introduction)

In Jain mythology, it is believed that Anga was one of the 52 Janpads (States) which were established by Lord Rishabhdev. It is believed that Champapur (also known as Champapuri, Champa, Champanagari) was the capital of Angadesh (comprising Bhagalpur and Mongher). 20 Tirthankars attained salvation from Sri sammed shik har and Lord Vasupujya from Champapur and Lord Mahavir from Pawapur,Lord Adinath from Kailash and Lord Neminath from Girnar. According to different jain books and puranas Champapur has the unique distinction of having "Samosaran vihar of all 24 Tirthankars", thus making the soil most sacred by the presence of their Lordship and making the hearts of the masses most pure by disseminating "Divya Dhwani" , "Divine Voice" from time to time. Further, In the literature of all the languages viz. - Shorsheni, Ardhamagadhi , Pali, Sanskrit,and Apbhrans, there is description of Champa - nagari-capital of Anga - desh as one of the important centers of religion,culture, s…